After the church of the Reformed and the Lutherans, the Catholic chapel of 1701/05 was built as the third place of worship in old Neuwied on the upper Market Street, which was then still a field road outside the city. Enlarged to double its size in 1852, the church was demolished in 1902 because it had become dilapidated and too small, and instead, St. Matthias Church was built on Heddesdorfer Street from 1899 to 1904, also a neo-Gothic hall building like the Market Church. The large choir and side windows that were destroyed by the war were initially partly bricked up and partly replaced with small, narrower windows; however, they were later restored to their original size and fitted with new stained glass.